Accessibility Best Practices


Accessibility best practices help ensure that websites are usable by everyone.

Following these practices improves user experience, legal compliance, and professional quality.

Use Semantic HTML First

Always start with proper HTML elements.

Semantic structure reduces the need for extra accessibility fixes.

Always Provide Text Alternatives

  • Use alt text for images
  • Provide labels for form fields
  • Add captions or transcripts for media

Support Keyboard Navigation

  • Make all interactive elements focusable
  • Keep visible focus styles
  • Ensure logical tab order

Design with Color and Contrast in Mind

  • Do not rely on color alone to convey information
  • Ensure text has enough contrast

Use ARIA Carefully

  • Use ARIA only when necessary
  • Prefer native HTML whenever possible
  • Keep ARIA roles and states accurate

Test with Real Users and Tools

Accessibility should be tested using:

  • Keyboard navigation
  • Screen readers
  • Browser accessibility tools

Common Accessibility Mistakes

  • Missing alt text
  • Removing focus outlines
  • Using divs instead of buttons
  • Ignoring form labels

Accessibility in Real Projects

Accessibility is required in:

  • Government websites
  • Education platforms
  • Corporate websites
  • Public services

Why Accessibility Best Practices Matter for Jobs

Employers expect developers to build inclusive products.

Accessibility knowledge shows professionalism and social responsibility.

Practice Task

Audit a webpage and check:

  1. Are images using alt text?
  2. Are forms labeled correctly?
  3. Can the site be used with only a keyboard?

Chapter Summary

In this chapter, you learned how to build accessible, inclusive websites using semantic HTML, proper labels, keyboard support, and ARIA when needed.

What You Will Learn Next

In the next chapter, you will learn about HTML performance optimization and best practices.